Kinetic Study on Propionic using Alamine 336 in Petroleum Ether by Reactive Extraction
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
The growing demand for the production of propionic acid as it useful in chemical industry, pharmaceutical industry, preservations, drug delivery towards a more economical energy efficient technology. Reactive extraction is used over conventional method as conventional methods i.e., fermentation broth is expensive as well as unfriendly towards the environment. A specific extractant and various diluents are used in reactive extraction which gives us a promising technique for the acid extraction. Alamine 336 (TOA) was used with a combination of petroleum ether by varying concentrations. Physical and chemical extractions results are presented as equilibrium distribution, distribution co – efficient, extraction efficiency, loading ratio and volume percentage by varying concentrations. The propionic acid distribution between aqueous & organic phase reaches equilibrium over a concentration range of 0.04 kmol/m3 – 0.22 kmol/m3. The optimum TOA concentration is found to be 40% at which KD value for petroleum ether is 0.73. In petroleum ether the modified separation and loading ratio increases with decrease in TOA acid concentration in petroleum ether.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
References
C. Soccol, L. Vandenberghe, C. Rodrigues, and A. Pandey, “New
perspectives for citric acid production and application,” Food
Technol Biotechnol, 2006.
L. Liu et al., “Microbial production of propionic acid from
propionibacteria: current state, challenges and perspectives,” Crit
Rev Biotechnol, vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 374–381, Dec. 2012, doi:
3109/07388551.2011.651428. [CrossRef]
G. S. Dhillon, S. K. Brar, M. Verma, and R. D. Tyagi, “Recent
Advances in Citric Acid Bio-production and Recovery,” Food and
Bioprocess Technology 2010 4:4, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 505–529, Jul.
, doi: 10.1007/S11947-010-0399-0. [CrossRef]
H. Song and S. Y. Lee, “Production of succinic acid by bacterial
fermentation,” Enzyme Microb Technol, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 352–361,
Jul. 2006, doi: 10.1016/J.ENZMICTEC.2005.11.043. [CrossRef]
G. Jakobsdottir, C. Jädert, L. Holm, and M. E. Nyman, “Propionic
and butyric acids, formed in the caecum of rats fed highly
fermentable dietary fibre, are reflected in portal and aortic serum,”
Br J Nutr, vol. 110, no. 9, pp. 1565–1572, 2013, doi:
1017/S0007114513000809. [CrossRef]
A. S. Kertes and C. J. King, “Extraction chemistry of fermentation
product carboxylic acids,” Biotechnol Bioeng, vol. 28, no. 2, pp.
–282, 1986, doi: 10.1002/BIT.260280217. [CrossRef]
S. Eda, A. Borra, R. Parthasarathy, S. Bankupalli, S. Bhargava, and
P. K. Thella, “Recovery of levulinic acid by reactive extraction using
tri-n-octylamine in methyl isobutyl ketone: Equilibrium and
thermodynamic studies and optimization using Taguchi multivariate
approach,” Sep Purif Technol, vol. 197, pp. 314–324, May 2018,
doi: 10.1016/J.SEPPUR.2018.01.014. [CrossRef]
S. T. Yang, S. A. White, and S. T. Hsu, “Extraction of carboxylic
acids with tertiary and quaternary amines: effect of pH,” Ind Eng
Chem Res, vol. 30, no. 6, pp. 1335–1342, Jun. 1991, doi:
1021/IE00054A040. [CrossRef]
C. King, “Amine-based systems for carboxylic acid recovery,” 1992.
K. L. Wasewar, A. Keshav, and S. Chand, “Equilibrium and Kinetics
of Reactive Extraction of Propionic Acid Using Aliquat 336 and Trin-Butyl Phosphate in n-Hexanol,” International Journal of Chemical
Reactor Engineering, vol. 7, 2009, doi: 10.2202/1542-6580.1850.
[CrossRef]
W. Qin, Z. Li, and Y. Dai, “Extraction of Monocarboxylic Acids
with Trioctylamine: Equilibria and Correlation of Apparent Reactive
Equilibrium Constant,” Ind Eng Chem Res, vol. 42, no. 24, pp.
–6204, Nov. 2003, doi: 10.1021/IE021049B. [CrossRef]
S. Kumar, K. L. Wasewar, and B. v. Babu, “Intensification of
Nicotinic Acid Separation using Organophosphorous Solvating
Extractants by Reactive Extraction,” Chemical Engineering &
Technology, vol. 31, no. 11, pp. 1584–1590, Nov. 2008, doi:
1002/CEAT.200800245. [CrossRef]
W. Qin, Z. Li, and Y. Dai, “Extraction of Monocarboxylic Acids
with Trioctylamine: Equilibria and Correlation of Apparent Reactive
Equilibrium Constant,” Ind Eng Chem Res, vol. 42, no. 24, pp.
–6204, Nov. 2003, doi: 10.1021/IE021049B. [CrossRef]
A. Keshav, K. L. Wasewar, and S. Chand, “REACTIVE
EXTRACTION OF PROPIONIC ACID USING TRI-nOCTYLAMINE,” Chem Eng Commun, vol. 197, no. 4, pp. 606–
, Apr. 2009, doi: 10.1080/00986440903249015. [CrossRef]
A. Keshav, K. L. Wasewar, and S. Chand, “Recovery of propionic
acid by reactive extraction - 1. Equilibrium, effect of pH and
temperature, water coextraction,” Desalination Water Treat, vol. 3,
no. 1–3, pp. 91–98, 2009, doi: 10.5004/DWT.2009.442. [CrossRef
K. L. Wasewar, A. B. M. Heesink, G. F. Versteeg, and V. G.
Pangarkar, “Reactive extraction of lactic acid using alamine 336 in
MIBK: equilibria and kinetics,” J Biotechnol, vol. 97, no. 1, pp. 59–
, Jul. 2002, doi: 10.1016/S0168-1656(02)00057-3. [CrossRef]